computers

Braille-ready file

1.Write the English words


Czech English
přípona, telefonní linka  
obsahovat  
k dispozice, k dostání  
poměr, procento  
záležet na něčem  
občan  
obyvatel, místní občan, bydlící  


2.The article

A Braille-ready file is a data file in a special format that can be read on a Braille display or transmitted to a Braille embosser. Braille-ready files typically have the extension .brf. The Braille codes in Braille-ready files allow blind people to read electronic documents from computer disks or from the Internet. When read or downloaded from the Internet, Braille-ready files are called Web-Braille.

Braille-ready files generally contain 25 lines per page, with each line holding up to 39 characters. A single printed page translates into several Braille pages; the exact ratio depends on the nature of the document. Mathematical expressions and symbols, as well as graphics, can be converted into words before being translated into Braille-ready files. Complex mathematical documents have the highest Braille-to-text page conversion ratios.

Several thousand Web-Braille books are available for downloading from the National Library Service (NLS) in the U.S. About 40 new books are published online in this format every month. The NLS Web-Braille material is available only to citizens or residents of the United States, or to qualified institutions.